The Difference Between Open End Yarn And Ring Spun Yarn

Cotton spinning generally uses two types of yarn spinning techniques.
1-) Ring spun yarn
-Grooming
-Combing

2-) Open end yarn

1. Ring spun yarn production
Ring-spun yarn is made of long cotton fiber. Ring spun yarn is divided into carded cotton and combed cotton. The difference between the two yarns is due to the combing process. The combing process is the intensive combing process of the raw material (cotton) fed by the machine with the help of the comb in the machine, so the short fibers of cotton are separated. Depending on the cotton used and the machine settings, 5-25% of the fiber can be extracted from the raw material and evaluated differently.

- The difference between combed yarn and carded yarn is that it is produced using longer fibers obtained after the combing process.

In this way, finer yarns can be produced. This yarn is produced in high quality, has an extremely flat structure, is soft and has high absorbency. Used in the production of shirts, underwear, women's clothing, and high-quality bedding.

With the improvement of living standards in recent years, carded and ring-spun yarns have been used in the field of home textiles, so sleep quality, softness and naturalness have been improved. In addition to improving the quality of industrial use (textiles for hotels, restaurants, and hospitals), it also extends the service life and provides an advantage for businesses by preserving a flat appearance from the first day to the last use.

The quality of carded and combed yarns is higher than that of open end yarn.

Compared with open end yarn, its texture is softer, smoother, and has higher absorbency, because it can be achieved with less twist in the production stage. In addition, the deformation rate (called pilling or lice) of fabrics with very strong strength produced from these yarns is very low. However, it should be noted that the cost of these yarns is higher than that of open end yarns.

2. Open end yarn production
Compared with ring spinning, the open spinning system is a completely different production technology. Unlike ring spun yarn, it is made of short cotton fiber. The high-speed rotating rotor is fed with cotton yarn made from short fibers. Due to the centrifugal force, the cotton core spreads out and adheres to the surface of the rotor. The open end yarn is produced by continuously drawing the yarn extending into the rotor. Even the shortest cotton fiber produced by this yarn is very economical. To ensure completeness, the number of twists must be higher than that of an endless system. This results in a harder structure.

The difference between open end yarn and ring spun yarn

• The production speed of open spinning is higher than that of the ring spinning system. This is a factor that increases production while reducing costs.
• The two processes of open spinning are shorter than those of ring spinning. This is one of the factors that reduce costs.
• Compared to ring-spun yarn, the yarn produced in an open system is bulkier, more elastic, more absorbent and has less hairiness. If the twist is not very high, the attitude is also good. Its good absorbency can provide high sizing percentage and brighter shadows.
• The characteristics of the yarn produced in the shedding system have little change compared with the ring-spun yarn. Fineness, unevenness, durability, etc., vary little along the thread.
• According to the process, there must be an average of 70-100 fibers in the cross-section of the open end yarn. This is why it is not possible to make spun yarns into ring spun yarns (average cross-sections require 50-70 fibers on average).For example, although it is theoretically possible to produce Ne40 yarn in an open system, in practice, it does not exceed Ne30 yarn.
• One of the technical disadvantages of open spinning is the spiral fibers formed on the surface of the yarn. When the spun yarn is fed into the rotor cup cavity, some fibers are wound on the surface of the yarn in the twisting direction. We can use this function to separate the open end yarn from the ring-spun yarn. When we try to open the yarn in the opposite direction of the twisting direction with two thumbs, we will notice that the twisting of the Ring yarn is opened and fibers appear, but on the surface of the open end yarn, the above-mentioned Spiral fibers do not allow the yarn to be twisted, and we see that the yarn remains crimped.